1. Alcohol and alcohol amine active agents
Auxiliaries such as alcohols and alcohol amines—such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), triethanolamine, etc.—are first adsorbed by silica during rubber compounding, reducing silica adsorption, protecting amine accelerators, antioxidants, and zinc oxide It is not adsorbed by white carbon, so that the vulcanization performance of the rubber compound is not disturbed.

2.Zinc salt dispersant
     Silanol groups (≡Si-OH) on the surface of white carbon black can easily undergo cationic displacement reaction with fatty acid zinc to form ≡Si-OZnR, etc. The replacement of hydrogen ions on the silanol group weakens the polarity of the silica surface, reduces the surface self-aggregation, reduces the Mooney viscosity of the rubber, and facilitates the dispersion of silica without improving physical properties.

3.Coupling agent of silane type
    The silane coupling agent is actually a surfactant having a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group. The hydrophilic group part is replaced with the active hydrogen ion of the silanol group, and the lipophilic group part is accepted by the rubber matrix to form white carbon The chemical bond of black-silane-rubber matrix, the coupling agent improves the properties of the rubber compound, compared with carbon black, there are difficulties in mixing process, low modulus, and poor abrasion resistance.