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Agricultural Technology | Application and Promotion of Agricultural Silicone

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1. The application of agricultural organic silicon in agricultural chemicals

The application of silicone surfactants has brought fundamental changes to pesticide formulations and application techniques. The leaf stems of plants and the epidermis of insects often have anti-wetting components or structures, and the leaf surfaces are often negatively charged, which repels pesticide liquids. The addition of silicone surfactants can promote pesticide formulations The smooth attachment, maintenance, wetting, spreading and penetration of the target body play a key role in improving the efficacy of the drug. In addition, stomata are one of the main ways for the medicament to enter the plant. Silicone surfactants can make the surface tension of the liquid lower than the critical value of plant leaf surface wetting (about 25 mN/m), so it can promote the liquid to pass through the stomata. Penetrates into the epidermis.

Silicone surfactant is a highly efficient and environmentally friendly non-ionic surfactant, which has the following functions in pesticide chemicals:

(1) Effectively reduce the surface tension of water, adding 0.1% organosilicon surfactant can reduce the surface tension of water from 72.4mN/m to approximately 21 mN/m, compared with conventional hydrocarbons The minimum surface tension of the surfactant solution is about 30 mN/m.

(2) Greatly increase the expansion area of the drug solution on the target organism. The new silicone surfactant is a super spreading agent. Its spreading ability is more than 40 times that of non-silicon surfactants, making the drug solution basically Tile on the biological target.

(3) Promote the rapid absorption of the liquid medicine and improve the resistance to rain washing of the liquid medicine. Stomas are one of the main ways for the medicament to enter the plant body. Silicone surfactants can make the surface tension of the medicinal solution lower than the critical value of plant leaf surface wetting (about 25 mN/m), so it can promote the direct penetration of the medicinal solution through the stomata. Enter the epidermis, increase the reliability of pesticide use, and reduce the number of sprays in the rainy season.

(4) Improve the effective utilization rate of pesticides, reduce the amount of pesticides used, and reduce environmental pollution. With conventional auxiliary pesticides, only 20%-30% of the liquid medicine can be left on the leaves of the crop, and the utilization rate is very low, 70% ~80% of the pesticides are lost to the soil, causing serious damage to the environment. The use of new organic silicon surfactants can reduce the amount of pesticides used by 30% to 50% while maintaining the same efficacy, and reduce the pollution of pesticides to the environment.

(5) Save water consumption when applying pesticides. The traditional spraying method uses about 600-750 kg water per hectare, and the water demand for fruit trees needs to be doubled; after using a small amount of silicone additives, it can be reduced to 220-300 kg per hectare ; If combined with low-volume spray technology, the water consumption per hectare can also be reduced to 75-150 kg.

(6) It is safe for the environment and meets long-term environmental protection requirements. Organic silicon materials are physiologically inert substances, which are non-toxic and harmless to the human body. Toxicological experiments have shown that the LD50 of silicone products such as methyl silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil, and hydrogen-containing silicone oil is greater than 34 g/kg; a one-year feeding test was carried out on rats and dogs (1% of the total feed %), no carcinogenic phenomenon was found; in experiments conducted on volunteers, feces, urine, and bile tests did not find any poisoning. However, silicone surfactants are toxic to fish because it reduces the surface tension of water and impairs the function of fish gills. After the organic silicon surfactant is discharged, it will decompose in the soil. Under the action of oxygen, it will be further oxidized and degraded into carbon dioxide, water and silicic acid existing in nature, without biological accumulation.

(7) To reduce the cost of medication, the use of new organic silicon additives saves pesticide and water costs on the one hand, and saves labor on the other. An orange farmer used to spend a total of RMB1,000 for pesticides, 6,000 kg of water, and RMB312.5 for labor; now it adds organic silicon surfactants, pesticides and additives (including silicone additives), which cost a total of RMB800 and water for 4,000 kg, labor costs RMB175, saving about RMB350. 

2. The promotion direction of agricultural silicone

Vegetables: whiteflies, thrips, red spiders and other concealed pests;
Daejeon: Pests with strong concealment such as rice vertical and rice planthopper, rice leaves are not contaminated with medicine;
Banana, citrus, and mango: promote the adhesion of the liquid medicine on the leaves, enhance the resistance to rain washing, and save the amount of spray;
Northern fruit trees: increase the wettability of the liquid medicine and improve the control effect on scale insects, psyllids and cotton aphids;
Herbicides: promote the absorption of herbicides and enhance the herbicidal effect;
Ripening agents and preservatives: increase the uniformity of the coverage of the medicinal solution, and enhance the insurance and ripening effects.

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