Silica (silicon dioxide) is an important filler in silica gel and has significant performance advantages over other fillers. The following is a comparative analysis from the aspects of reinforcement effect, physical properties, chemical stability, processing performance, etc.:

1. Comparison of reinforcement effect
Silica (silicon dioxide):
High reinforcement: silica particles are small (average particle size is about 10-50nm), large specific surface area (100-400m²/g), and form strong interactions with silicone rubber molecular chains, significantly improving tensile strength, tear strength and wear resistance.
Structural effect: It is easy to be structured with silicone rubber, and surface treatment (such as silane coupling agent) is required to improve dispersibility.
Other fillers (such as calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth):
Weak reinforcement: large particles, small specific surface area, weak interaction with silicone rubber, and limited reinforcement effect.
Low cost: The price is lower than that of silica, suitable for occasions with low performance requirements.

2. Comparison of physical properties
Performance index White carbon black Other fillers (such as calcium carbonate)
Hardness Improve hardness and enhance deformation resistance Limited improvement in hardness
Elasticity Maintain good elasticity Poor elasticity and easy to become brittle
Transparency High transparency Opaque or translucent
Wear resistance Significantly improve wear resistance Poor wear resistance

3. Comparison of chemical stability
White carbon black:
Heat resistance: Stable performance at high temperature, suitable for -60℃ to 300℃ environment.
Chemical resistance: Good tolerance to chemicals such as acids, alkalis, and solvents.
Aging resistance: Excellent antioxidant performance, extending the service life of silicone.
Other fillers:
Heat resistance: Easy to decompose or performance degradation at high temperature.
Chemical resistance: Poor tolerance to acids, alkalis, and solvents.

4. Comparison of processing performance
White carbon black:
High dispersibility: Surface treatment (such as silane coupling agent) is required to improve dispersibility and prevent structuring.
High viscosity: The viscosity of the mixed rubber is high, and the processing technology needs to be optimized.
Other fillers:
Easy to disperse: The particles are large and the dispersion is good, but it is easy to cause uneven performance of the rubber.
Low viscosity: The viscosity of the mixed rubber is low, the processing performance is good, but the reinforcement effect is insufficient.

5. Comparison of application fields
Silica:
High-performance silicone: used in high-demand fields such as medical, electronics, and automobiles, such as seals, thermal conductive silicone, medical catheters, etc.
Transparent silicone: suitable for optics, lighting and other fields, such as LED packaging, transparent buttons, etc.
Other fillers:
General silicone: used in occasions with low performance requirements, such as daily necessities, building seals, etc.
Low-cost silicone: suitable for price-sensitive markets, such as low-end toys, handicrafts, etc.

6. Comprehensive comparison summary
Filler type Advantages Disadvantages Application scenarios
Silica High reinforcement, high transparency, aging resistance High cost, difficult processing High-performance silicone, medical, electronics
Calcium carbonate Low cost, easy to disperse Poor reinforcement, weak chemical resistance Daily necessities, building seals
Diatomaceous earth Good oil absorption, low cost Weak reinforcement, easy to absorb water Low-end silicone products

7. Conclusion
The application of silica in silica significantly improves the performance of the material, especially in terms of high strength, high transparency, aging resistance and other aspects. Despite the high cost, silica is still the preferred filler in fields with strict performance requirements (such as medical, electronics, and automobiles). Other fillers (such as calcium carbonate and diatomaceous earth) are suitable for cost-sensitive occasions with low performance requirements.