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6 major applications of silicone defoamer

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1. Textile printing and dyeing:
(1) Sizing process: water emulsion type silicone defoamer, such as: silicone polyether, the amount added in the sizing tank is 0.2¬0.25g/L
(2) Chemical fiber oil: Add 0.02¬0.04% water emulsion type defoamer to chemical fiber oil. The chemical fiber oil formulation should contain silicone oil.
(3) Desizing and refining: use polyether-containing silicone.
(4) Bleaching: strong acidity, silicone defoamer.
(5), dyeing: silicone emulsion defoamer. Jet dyeing is best to use polyether silicone, which is defoamed at high temperature, water soluble at low temperature, and does not stain fabrics.

2. Petrochemical industry:
(1) Drilling: Ethyl silicone oil (or methyl silicone oil layer emulsion) is used as mud additive.
(2) Oil extraction: oil and gas separation, defoaming rod. The melting point is 2.8¬13.9°C higher than the wellhead foam temperature.
(3) Natural gasoline absorption: Dimethicone is formulated into a 2% solution with gasoline.
(4) Oil and gas separation demulsification:
A. Oil and gas separation, adding 0.025-0.0065mg/Kg to crude oil can improve production capacity;
B. Demulsification: Crude oil separated from oil and gas is generally a micro-W/O type emulsion. Adding a suitable defoamer of about 0.2 mg/Kg can achieve the effect of demulsification and defoaming.
(5) Refining: Defoamers are added by vacuum distillation, the color of the fraction is improved, and the range of the fraction is broadened. Diesel solutions with silicone oil are commonly used.
(6) High-energy fuel (internal combustion, jet fuel, aviation fuel) is dispersed in high-flash point kerosene with cyanoalkyl polysiloxane, and then added to high-energy fuel as a high-efficiency defoamer.
(7) Asphalt and residual oil: the amount of silicone oil added is 0.2×10-6~2.0×10-6
(8) Delayed coking, decoking, and descaling: reference amount of defoamer added: 0.05~100×10-6
(9) Defoaming drilling fluid: high-viscosity sulfonic metal salt (calcium petroleum sulfonate: sodium sulfonated asphalt = 1:1), the amount of siloxane added is about 100-400 × 10-6 or 5-15 mg/Kg, Sulfonate:siloxane close to 1:1 is preferred.
(10) Lubricating oil: such as internal combustion engine, automobile lubricant, metal working fluid, compressor oil, etc., when silicone oil is added for defoaming, it is because of the following advantages:
A. It is insoluble in lubricating oil and is in a dispersed state, which is conducive to adsorption on the bubble film to break the bubbles;
B. There are alkyl groups similar to mineral oil, which can squeeze into the bubble film and weaken the molecular attraction;
C. Low surface tension and good penetration. When adsorbed on the surface of the bubble film, the local surface tension is reduced, and the bubble is broken due to the uneven surface tension of the bubble film. The heavy oil is made of silicone oil with low viscosity, and the addition amount is 1-10×10-6. In addition, alkyl polyacrylates are also better and have better gas release properties. Branched chain amine is added to crude gasoline and naphtha, and then added to lubricating oil. It can also be used as a defoaming agent. The addition amount is slightly 0.05-1%. This defoaming agent can be added to metal cutting fluid.

3. Paper industry
(1) Pulping: silicone emulsion defoamer (90g/T paper).
(2) Coated paper: Coating paint, paper for printing pictorial after calendering, non-silicon defoamer is generally used for coating bubbles.
(3) Sewage treatment: water emulsion type silicone defoamer.

4. Application in coatings and inks
I. Requirements for defoamer in coating production:
(1) It has a certain affinity with the active substances on the surface of the foam, but it should be insoluble and insoluble in the bubble liquid;
(2) The surface tension is lower than that of the bubble liquid and has a lower HLB value;
(3) The emulsion (latex) should be stabilized;
(4) After the coating is formed into a film, the adverse consequences of fisheye and shrinkage cannot be caused;
(5) Defoamer for water-based coatings: Use substances that are insoluble in water, such as mineral oil, higher alcohols, and silicone resins. Silicone is the best defoamer for water-based coatings.
Defoamers for non-aqueous coatings: commonly used substances that are difficult to dissolve in organic solvents, such as lower alcohols, silicone resins (the amount of silicone resins should be appropriate, excessive amounts are prone to shrinkage cracks and cavities, and modified silicone resins are often used or emulsified silicone resin)

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