How to measure the particle size of primary particles?
The particle size of primary particles represents the typical arithmetic mean diameter of a sufficient number of primary particles to characterize a particular grade. The diameter was measured by transmission electron microscope measurement.

How to measure the state of carbon black dispersion in liquid?
 A widely accepted method for quickly measuring the quality of dispersions in paints is the use of a Hegman fineness meter. For inks, use a G-1, G-2, or G-3 meter. However, these types of meters cannot measure microdispersions. The microdispersity largely determines the performance of carbon black. A better way to measure the quality of a dispersion is by displaying color and / or gloss. For example, the instrument's gloss reading can record the dispersion time to determine the point in time when carbon black has dispersed to its maximum extent in the final product.

How to measure the structure of carbon black?
The structure of rhenium carbon black is measured by an oil absorption process called dibutyl phthalate absorption (DBPA or DBP). Therefore, high structural grade carbon blacks are distinguished from low structural grade carbon blacks by their higher oil absorption.